内燃机原理实验的教学改革实践

阐述了实验教学的重要性,并从教学内容、思路、教学队伍建设及教学的各个环节介绍了<内燃机原理>实验的改革,提高了学生独立解决问题的能力.     

Evaluation of the parameters of su by rational fractions

A rational fraction approximation is given for a function of one of the parameters defining Johnson's S_UError assessment for a segment of the domain of validity shows remarkable accuracy.     

Estimating utility functions using generalized maximum entropy

This paper estimates von Neumann and Morgenstern utility functions using the generalized maximum entropy (GME), applied to data obtained by utility elicitation methods. Given the statistical advantages of this approach, we provide a comparison of the performance of the GME estimator with ordinary least square (OLS) in a real data small sample setup. The results confirm the ones obtained for small samples through Monte Carlo simulations. The difference between the two estimators is small and it decreases as the width of the parameter support vector increases. Moreover, the GME estimator is more precise than the OLS one. Overall, the results suggest that GME is an interesting alternative to OLS in the estimation of utility functions when data are generated by utility elicitation methods.     

MODELING THE LIFETIME OF LONGITUDINAL ELEMENTS

In the study of the stochastic behaviour of the lifetime of an element as a function of its length, it is often observed that the failure time (or lifetime) decreases as the length increases. In probabilistic terms, such an idea can be expressed as follows. Let T be the lifetime of a specimen of length x, so the survival function, which denotes the probability that an element of length x survives till time t, will be given by S_T (t, x) = P(T > t/α(x), where α(x) is a monotonically decreasing function. In particular, it is often assumed that T has a Weibull distribution. In this paper, we propose a generalization of this Weibull model by assuming that the distribution of T is Generalized gamma (GG). Since the GG model contains the Weibull, Gamma and Lognormal models as special and limiting cases, a GG regression model is an appropriate tool for describing the size effect on the lifetime and for selecting among the embedded models. Maximum likelihood estimates are obtained for the GG regression model with α(x) = cx^b . As a special case this provide an alternative to the usual approach to estimation for the GG distribution which involves reparametrization. Related parametric inference issues are addressed and illustrated using two experimental data sets. Some discussion of censored data is also provided.     

关联翻译理论关照下网络流行语英译探究

网络流行语具有时效性,简约性,通俗性和灵活性的特征。以关联翻译理论为指导,提出其英译时应遵循传情达意、简明扼要和保持风格的原则,并以2010年网络流行语为例,探究网络流行语直接翻译、间接翻译和创词翻译等翻译策略。     

当代灾疫防治应该共同遵守的普适道德原则

以自由原理为导向,当代灾疫防治必须遵循权利为核心、以利益补偿为方向的普适道德原则体系的规范。在这一道德规范体系中,惟生命原则是其奠基原则,它为灾疫防治提供了价值导向系统;普遍平等原则是其前提原则,它为灾疫防治构建起多元开放的社会平台;全面公正原则是其行动原则,它为灾疫防治提供了行动规则体系;而惟生命安全和惟生存健康原则...     

论合同自由的限制

对合同自由进行限制已成为学界的共识，但是应该清楚认识到，对合同自由的限制只能是手段而不能是目的。如果忽视市场在资源配置中的优势作用和交易双方的自由意志而对其随意限制，则必然导致极为严重的后果。限制太大就会挫伤交易双方的积极性从而影响经济的发展，政府等主体如果随意对合同自由加以限制，缺乏必要的监督，则必然会产生滥用权力与腐败。在对合同自由进行限制时，有必要做到正当限制与谨慎限制。正当限制即政府等主体在限制合同自由时要依照法定的程序进行；谨慎限制即要求对合同自由的限制要把握好“度”，畸轻畸重都将影响经济的稳定发展。     

现代刻字艺术性创作原则初探

中国现代刻字艺术已走过将近三十年的历程,如何提高现代刻字艺术表达能力,已为现代刻字艺术家、文艺理论工作者所重视。从现代刻字艺术发展实际而言,现代刻字艺术性创作原则,除了通常所说的写刻相合、形色俱佳等原则以外,还要注意把握刻前书写的艺术性原则、造型的弹性原则、书刻的审美价值原则等艺术性原则。而这些艺术性创作原则可以通过树立正确的职业意识、广读博阅猎取知识、不拘一格敢于创新、勤思苦炼善于雕琢等途径,在学习实践中不断提高。     

英美法上的要物合同机制及其启示

关于我国民法典中要物合同的存废,英美法上的要物合同机制可带来不少启示。英美法的经验所传递的信息是,要物合同被确立下来依赖于其无偿的人际关系的产生背景,正是在此基础上,它适用＂没有给就没有还＂的法律逻辑。它被保留下来,很大程度上是法律传统使然。进一步分析,还可以补充上法律目的与法律伦理等方面的理由。在对待要物合同的问题上,建议以前述理由为据,保留无偿的传统要物合同,将有偿要物合同予以诺成化改造。